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Effective altruism
Effective altruism is a philosophy and social movement that applies evidence and reason to determine the most effective ways to improve the world. Effective altruists aim to consider all causes and actions, and then act in the way that brings about the greatest positive impact. It is this broad evidence-based approach that distinguishes effective altruism from traditional altruism or charity. While a substantial proportion of effective altruists have focused on the nonprofit sector, the philosophy of effective altruism applies much more broadly, e.g., to prioritizing the scientific projects, companies, and policy initiatives which can be estimated to save and improve the most lives.〔http://globalprioritiesproject.org/〕 Notable people associated with the movement include philosopher Peter Singer,〔http://blog.ted.com/2013/09/19/why-how-effective-altruism-peter-singer-visualized/〕 Facebook cofounder Dustin Moskovitz〔http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/billionaire-couple-give-plenty-to-charity-but-they-do-quite-a-bit-of-homework/2014/12/26/19fae34c-86d6-11e4-b9b7-b8632ae73d25_story.html〕 and researcher Toby Ord.〔https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NBWWX4ViD3E/〕
==Philosophy==
Effective altruism begins with a personal commitment to making a change in the world and caring enough to remain engaged in the long-term and focused on best practices that make a difference. The resources that a philanthropist then gives are directed toward efforts that bring the desired positive change to fruition. Effective altruism differs from other types of philanthropy in that the outcome maximizes social good. Many philanthropists do not give in the attempt to maximize social good. Obligatory giving such as Zakat, reciprocal giving, giving to an issue that has affected one's personal life and giving for notoriety may not be high impact because the emphasis is not consciously centered on social outcomes. Effective altruism focuses on the results of one's donations as well as other methods of accomplishing good, such as career and volunteer work.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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